Kershaw had moved out, and Tinsley never had the pleasure of unleashing his new moves on her.) That`s when he discovered the game`s complexities, its algebra. ''Oh, how she`d cackle as she`d jump my men.''Ī few years later, when he was 15 and looking for a geometry book in the Ohio State University Library, Tinsley came across ''Winning Checkers,'' an elementary book by Millard Hopper. Kershaw ''used to beat me and rub it in and laugh and laugh,'' At that point he knew only the arithmetic of checkers. Kershaw, a boarder in their Columbus, Ohio, home. Tinsley can`t remember exactly when he learned to play checkers or who taught him, but as a child he played with his father, his brother and Mrs. Some of my insights into the Scriptures come the same way.'' A lot of my discoveries come that way, out of the clear blue sky. ''Out of the clear blue sky an improvement of a published play will just come to mind, as if the subconscious has been working to come to light. Now he has cut his study time to an hour a day, but ''hardly a week goes by when I don`t discover something new. The boards are almost superfluous, though, because Tinsley devises most of his checker strategy and makes most of his moves entirely in his head.Īs an Ohio State University student, he spent eight hours a day working on checkers, studying and analyzing moves, learning openings and memorizing plays. He also keeps a magnetic checkerboard at his bedside to work on problems when he wakes up during the night. The two dozen checker pieces are red and white. The 64 squares are of green-and-buff tiles, easier on the eyes than red and black. On a cluttered table in his den, beneath a ceiling fan, Tinsley`s custommade checkerboard is set up. The scarcity of opponents doesn`t bother him: ''I guess I love the game more than the players.'' Sometimes friends fly into town for games. He is unmarried his mother, Viola, 92, lives with him, but she has not learned to play checkers. No checker player in Tallahassee or anywhere thereabouts is good enough to keep up with Tinsley. ''If (chess champion Bobby) Fischer is erratic and flamboyant, then Tinsley is the exact opposite-very quiet, very subdued.'' Also his temperament: He`s calm and doesn`t get excited, although he says he gets butterflies before a game but you could never tell. Besides that, he has the ability to picture and look ahead 30 moves and accurately portray a board position. ''For one, he has a terrific memory, an eidetic memory, like a photographic memory. Grandjean, of the American Checker Federation, describes it with admiration: Tinsley is hard put, or too modest, to define his own style of play. He has penciled in notes and corrections on almost every page.Īnother book, ''Checkers: The Tinsley Way,'' was written by admirer Robert Shuffett in 1982. It`s his checkers bible, full of checker moves interspersed with anecdotes, quips and poems about checkers. One 45-year-old volume, Ryan`s Modern Encyclopedia of Checkers, has been read so much that he had to have it rebound. Upstairs in the den of his country home, just south of Tallahassee, Tinsley keeps about 200 books about checkers-a small collection, he says.
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![]() The main cause of incomprehensible prose is the curse of knowledge – the difficulty of imagining what it is like for someone else not to know something that you know. But knowing the hallmarks of classic style will make anyone a better writer, and it is "the strongest cure for the disease that enfeebles academic, bureaucratic, corporate, legal, and official prose". Not all prose should be classic, and not all writers can carry off the pretense. A writer of classic prose must simulate two experiences: showing the reader something in the world, and engaging the reader in conversation. ![]() This is the elusive "ear" of a skilled writer – the tacit sense of style which cannot be explicitly taught.Ĭlassic style as an antidote for academese, bureaucratese, corporatese, legalese, officialese, and other kinds of stuffy prose – The key to good style, far more than obeying any list of commandments, is to have a clear conception of the make-believe world in which you're pretending to communicate. They have absorbed a vast inventory of words, idioms, constructions, tropes, and rhetorical tricks, and with them a sensitivity to how they mesh and how they clash. Reverse-engineering good prose as the key to developing a writerly ear – The starting point for becoming a good writer is to be a good reader. Language is not a protocol legislated by an authority but rather an evolving set of tacit standards from the contributions of millions of writers and speakers. Orthodox stylebooks are ill-equipped to deal with a fundamental fact about language: it changes over time. Style manuals that are innocent of linguistics are crippled in dealing with the aspect of writing that evokes the most emotion: correct and incorrect usage. "Style" is the effective use of words to engage the human mind. Pinker's prescriptions combine data from ballots given to the Usage Panel of the American Heritage Dictionary, the usage notes of several dictionaries and style guides, the historical analyses in Merriam–Webster's Dictionary of English Usage, the meta-analysis in Roy Copperud's American Usage and Style: The Consensus, and views from modern linguistics represented in The Cambridge Grammar of the English Language and the blog Language Log. Building upon earlier guides, such as Strunk & White's The Elements of Style and Fowler's A Dictionary of Modern English Usage, it applies science to the process of writing, and explains its prescriptions by citing studies in related fields – e.g., grammatical phenomena, mental dynamics, and memory load – as well as history and criticism, to "distinguish the rules that enhance clarity, grace, and emotional resonance from those that are based on myths and misunderstandings". The Sense of Style: The Thinking Person's Guide to Writing in the 21st Century is a 2014 English style guide written by cognitive scientist, linguist and popular science author Steven Pinker. Take a look inside the more expensive penthouse of the two. There's a market for this kind of high-priced living thanks to the city's population of high-earning professionals, many of which are in the tech sector. The Lumina offerings are just some of the luxury condo options in San Francisco, specifically in the "East Cut" neighborhood near the Financial District and the offices of tech giants like Salesforce, Facebook, and Google. So the build-out costs will come out of the buyers' pockets, meaning the prices involved to turn either into a living space could likely start at $12.5 million and $15 million respectively. According to SF Gate, build-out costs for either of the units could be north of $5 million. There was once a $1.55 million build-out incentive attached to each of the penthouses, but they've since been removed. He said there are plans and interior layouts available for the future buyers to choose from. But this price pruning could spell trouble for two noted penthouses wanting absurd amounts of dough: the grand penthouse at 181 Fremont, asking $46 million, and the upcoming penthouse at the Four Seasons tower, seeking $49 million."We believe that buyers interested in these spectacular spaces would prefer to customize their homes to their personal specifications to better match their specific tastes," Shannon said. Find MLS Listings Prices Sold History Amenities Strata Restrictions of Lumina 1. ![]() Of course, that’s still a mind-boggling sum of money, so it seems depreciation is all relative too. Lumina 1 - Waterfall by Thind - 2311 Beta Avenue, Burnaby. If both penthouses sell at the current asking, the combined price of roughly $17.5 million would represents a decline of more than 64 percent from the original ambitions. Last year’s $11.4 million listing for penthouse 41A was itself a price drop from previous years, and now it’s down again, as is neighboring 41B, which nows asks $7.49 million. Groupon is not affiliated with or sponsored by United SF Parking in. The result, however, was not one but two high-end East Cut condos that haven’t sold yet. Secure and affordable valet parking garage at the Lumina Condominiums in Rincon Hill. But evidently it made good business sense. Login Get Started Sectors Industrials Professional & Commercial Services Lumina 1162 Lumina Share Price HK0.13 0.00 0.00 Last trade - 00:00 Industrials Highly Speculative Micro Cap Neutral Market Cap HK78.00m Enterprise Value HK10.14m Revenue HK78. Instead, the sellers divided it into two homes-which on some level must have felt a bit like smashing a Han Dynasty vase, since this was meant to have been the most expensive condo sale in the history of the city and such a split meant dropping that dream. This is a luxury hi-rise building built in 2016 that is home to 656 condos. No, the unit hasn’t cut $40 million off its price in five years. Lumina condos are located at 201 Folsom Street in San Francisco, California. Even before it was built, headlines called Lumina the priciest building in San Francisco.īut as SFGate points out, this now $9.99 million penthouse is essentially the same one that dropped jaws back then. Once upon a time, the city marveled at the grandeur and audacity of Lumina’s most expensive home, a penthouse that sprawled over two stories asking the borderline plutonic price of $49 million in 2015. While prices sometimes fall, this price cut is deceptively larger than it seems. ![]() Anyone comparing the Sonus Faber Lumina III with, say, a Focal Chora 806 Sonus faber. The idea is that a deep-pocketed buyer will fill in the blanks once a purchase happens, which will happen at a comparatively more affordable price point. Im coming off a pair of SF Amati Homage speakers, which I love. lumina A collection of 3 posts Live As High Above The Rest Of The World As You Feel In This Planned Penthouse LUMINA Condo Residents Will Soon Have On-Demand. Note that this unit is a “shell,” meaning that the interior hasn’t really been built yet it sports 5,700 square feet, 18-foot ceilings, and killer views-and little else. Is luxury relative? Surely the soaring asking price for the penthouse 41A at Lumina-more than $9.99 million-has to be considered the acme of excess, being among San Francisco’s most expensive homes for sale.Īnd yet, that price represents a significant stumble for the unit, which this time last year asked more than $11.4 million. Like I said, it doesn't look funny, it doesn't look unusual for OP, so.idk. But even so, if it was the intention, idk if they subverted it fully. I guess it's supposed to be a subversion that power up states are gonna be cool, but I'd be surprised if this was an expectation people had with One Piece of all things. If this wasn't Luffy and it just came in as a random character, I wouldn't even blink an eye. If your used to OP designs, I don't even get how this is unusual. ![]() A Curse Mark grants the user increased power levels when. They would turn red and spread like fire across the user’s body upon activation. The Curse Mark on Sasuke’s neck consisted of three tiny little teardrops, very similar to the eye of a Sharingan user. But apparently Luffy becoming roundish and big and half black is some kind of outlandish sight? I don't get it.Īnd if the idea is that it's supposed to be funny looking, it's.not? Like, the funniest thing about it I guess is that face Luffy is pulling, but other than that, it just looks.like a one piece character. A curse mark is a skin-implanted seal that grants or tempers a ninja’s power. The fight in which it's introduced in is against a 10 foot tall guy that walks bowlegged while wearing a pink feather coat, which isn't even getting into his underlings which include a man made of snot, a fat man baby, a guy whose arms are the size of his own torso with a squeaky voice. Like, this is a world where every other character looks stupid. Moreover, we see Sasuke with the Sharingan in his right eye and black flames on his face, resulting from the release of the cursed mark that Orochimaru had deposited on him during the Chûnin examination.I try not to get into scraps about OP's design since it kind of is what it is, but the thing about Boundman is that I don't understand what is supposed to be goofy about him. This training was aimed at mastering the technique he holds in his left hand, "The Thousand Birds" better known as "Chidori". A Curse Mark grants the user increased power levels when activated. We see Sasuke with a brand new black and blue outfit, because his old blue outfit was damaged during his training with his sensei, Kakashi Hatake. A curse mark is a skin-implanted seal that grants or tempers a ninja’s power. On this Pop! figurine, Funko represents Sasuke during Orochimaru's attack in Konoha village, more precisely during his fight against Gaara. Indeed, Sasuke is a member of Team 7, which is made up of the leader Kakashi Hatake and his team-mates Sakura Haruno and Naruto Uzumaki, with whom he is a rival. Be mindful when sharing personal information, including your religious or political views, health, racial background, country of origin, sexual identity and/or. ![]() At the beginning, calm and solitary, with the sole aim of his revenge, he gradually builds up ties with his teammates. He will have a deep and immense hatred towards his older brother, his only goal will be to avenge his clan by killing him. However, when he was still a child, his clan was exterminated by his older brother Itachi Uchiwa who left the village after his massacre, making Sasuke the only Uchiwa member in the village. This young ninja is part of a powerful archaic Konoha clan, the Uchiwa clan. As a bonus action, Sasuke gains the following until he ends this effect as an action: Sasukes maximum hit points are decreased by 3 (1d4+1. Sasuke must spend 1 chakra at the end of each of his turns to maintain this effect. Sasuke Uchiwa is one of the main characters in the animated and manga series Naruto & Naruto Shippuden. Sasuke automatically detects visual illusions and genjutsu and has advantage on saving throws against them. ![]() ![]() You can see Godzilla, Monster Santa, Franky the Frankenstein, classic monsters like Medusa and Griffin and more. The game will provide diverse and interesting array of characters. To play this game, you will need to form the most monster squad possible and take down the real-time multiplayer game. You can play more Games with more interesting genres at Defense Legend 4 Mod Apk.You can find a variety of well-known monsters in the game such as WuKong and the Mummy, Medusa, Griffin, and Frankenstein, among others. By combining the heroes in the appropriate way, you can take out your opponent. You can form a team and proceed to the battleground. You will choose your monsters based on their abilities, and you can also enhance them. Each monster has a unique attack power and skill set. You will select a "monster" character to fight in the harsh battle in the game. Tactical Monsters Rumble Arena is a highly praised real-time and turn-based strategy action RPG. Introducing about Tactical Monsters Rumble Arena Mod Apk Find out more information about this game and enjoy. The game has a variety of game modes to make it more enjoyable. This is a multiplayer game, so you'll be up against other gamers. The e-sports mode unlocks when four of your monsters are upgraded to level 12.How long does strategy fights in Tactical Monsters Rumble Arena?ĭo you want to play a monster role-playing game and fight with lots of other monsters? You will have the opportunity to experience many exciting battles with monsters in Tactical Monsters Rumble Arena Mod Apk. ![]() The advanced modes include the proving grounds, which unlock after chapter 5, the guerrilla warfare mode, which unlocks after chapter six, and the rumble tower, which unlocks after chapter seven. Your trophies, combined with the trophies of your clan mates, will combine to make your clan ranking.Īs you advance in the single-player mode, new modes will be unlocked. Being in a clan has major benefits, including the ability to request cards for upgrades from your clan mates however, be sure to send them cards, too, to help them upgrade. For most of the game, you can set it in these modes and forget it, but for tougher battles, it’s better to set them to manual mode so that you can strategize in order to win. In addition, you can speed it up to 2x or 4x speed in order to hurry the battles along and progress through the game faster. In battle, after you finish up with the tutorial, you’ll be able to set the game in auto-battle mode. Hottest Codes: Active Promo Codes for Genshin Impact: The Full List and How to Redeem Them Most Popular Codes: Active Promo Codes for Survivor!.io: The Full List and How to Redeem Them Each one comes with its own rewards, most notably gems plus, they teach you more techniques that you can use in battle with specific characters. You can pick from either basic training, advanced training, or training – cells. Hit the monsters academy to improve the skills of your monsters. Go with the rarest ones first, and then build the party from there. Green is common, blue is uncommon, purple is rare, and orange is epic. For a good starting point, choose monsters based on the color of the border of their picture, as this represents their rarity. You earn a ton of different monsters before you even get out of the tutorial, much more than the five maximum that you can place in a party. Read on for some tips and tricks for Tactical Monsters: Rumble Arena! You can earn coins, gems, monster cards, and more. Your goal here is to build up a team of the strongest monsters that you can, battle against the computer and against other monsters, and build the strongest team possible. Tactical Monsters: Rumble Arena is a new strategy RPG/MMORTS hybrid for the iOS and Android platforms. ![]() You are receiving this because you are subscribed to this thread. Were to downgrade to Node 5 from 6 (I do not wish to so this). Tried quoting the 'css' path but no change. Libraries where path strings are being asserted instead of returning empty Searching for this issue shows widespread problems with different (C:\Users\xxx\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\node-sass\ *node-sass -watch -recursive -output css -source-map true*Īt getOptions (C:\Users\xxx\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\node-sass\Īt Object. Read the article below to understand more. Before you buy the best non string weed wacker in 2022, do these five simple things: Check the features to see if they suit your needs. In a directory with a single custom.scss file with the following contents:- Five things a reader must do before buying the best non string weed wacker. Installed on Windows 10 globally (npm install -g node-sass) (empty (installed globally) but node-sass -v returns Suggestions were to downgrade to Node 5 from 6 (I do not wish to so this). Tried quoting the 'css' path but no change. Thanks for contributing an answer to Stack Overflow Please be sure to answer the question.Provide details and share your research But avoid. Searching for this issue shows widespread problems with different libraries where path strings are being asserted instead of returning empty string if null. (C:\Users\xxx\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\node-sass\bin\node-sass:390:15)Īt Object.Module._extensions.js (module.js:579:10)Īt Function.Module._load (module.js:438:3) Received undefinedĪt getOptions (C:\Users\xxx\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\node-sass\bin\node-sass:186:40)Īt Object. Throw new TypeError('Path must be a string. Node-sass -watch -recursive -output css -source-map true Trying the following command throws the issue error:. The single spiral is evident in nature just about everywhere you look. ![]() It stands for the eternal energy that moves the world. Popular school of thought has it that the single spiral ranks higher than the Celtic Knot or the Celtic cross.Īccording to the ancient Celts, the single spiral indicates the brilliance of cosmic energy. The Single spiral is one of the better-known Celtic symbols. However, many symbols have been unearthed over the years that give us a better understanding of the mysterious Celts. What’s the Single Spiral?Īlthough the ancient Celts had a rich, vibrant cultural life, not much survives of their traditions. It symbolizes choice for those who desire to understand and work for their divine soul mission fully. In some spiritual circles, the single spiral represents an increase in consciousness and self-awareness. It is a confirmation that growth must start somewhere, and it keeps changing with enough patience, dedication, knowledge, and commitment. In many cultures, the single spiral stands for growth and progress. The ancient Irish took the single spiral to show the shrinking of winter, with the sun at the center. In the ancient Celtic culture, the single spiral stood for the cosmic energy that affects all things, living, non-living, and supernatural. From animals to plants and non-living things, this symbol is just about everywhere you look. The single spiral shape is one of the most common symbols in nature. Are you interested in Single Spiral Symbolism? Then this guide is for you! ![]() This popular add-on to DIRECTV’s satellite service hasn’t made the jump to the streaming world, which is a shame. One thing that’s not on DIRECTV STREAM is NFL SUNDAY TICKET. However, getting them through DIRECTV STREAM means that you’ll be able to access their programming without leaving the DIRECTV STREAM app.) (Of course, you could also sign up for HBO Max or STARZ through their own stand-alone apps. DIRECTV STREAM also offers premium channels like HBO, which are included in the PREMIER bundle but can also be added to the lower-level bundles for an extra fee. The CHOICE package isn’t just about sports, though - you’ll get more entertainment and news channels, too, which bump the channel count from 65-plus to 90-plus.īumping things up to DIRECTV ULTIMATE or PREMIER unlocks even more channels. Here in New York, I was very impressed with the selection: I could watch SNY (New York Mets), YES (New York Yankees and Brooklyn Nets), and MSG (New York Rangers and New York Knicks) on DIRECTV STREAM. RSNs are, as the name implies, regional, so you’ll get only the ones that apply to your area. To get regional sports networks (RSNs), you’ll need to step up to the second-tier DIRECTV STREAM package, CHOICE. Things start strong with DIRECTV STREAM’s cheapest plan, Entertainment, which includes what DIRECTV STREAM calls the “essentials.” I’m inclined to agree: The Entertainment plan includes the major networks ( ABC, CBS, FOX, and NBC) big-time sports networks like ESPN and FS1 and news networks like CNN and FOX News. All of these streaming cable alternatives - DIRECTV STREAM, Sling TV, YouTube TV, and the rest - are only as good as their channel lineups.Īnd DIRECTV STREAM’s channel list is excellent. This removes all paired devices, which means you will need to pair any devices you want to stream from once again.Live TV channels are what DIRECTV STREAM is all about. From there, select the device at the top of the page and click Bluetooth. If you want to clear the device pairings from the Amazon Echo, you can do so by opening the Amazon Alexa app on your mobile device or navigating to and opening Settings. Speak "Alexa, pause" or "Alexa, next" and the music or audio will pause or skip to the next song. This means you can stream practically any audio from the Echo from any Bluetooth-compatible device.Īdditionally, you can now speak to Alexa to control the audio that is playing from your external device. However, if you want to stream Apple Music from your iPhone, Google Play Music from your Android device or even audio from some a local video on your computer, all you have to do is pair your device with the Echo using Bluetooth and select it as the audio output. Currently, media streaming services that Alexa supports are your own Amazon Music library, Amazon Prime Music, Spotify, Pandora, iHeartRadio, TuneIn, Audible and it can even read some of the e-books from you Kindle library. With so many built-in options for streaming audio from the Amazon Echo, it may not seem immediately apparent why you might want to use it as a Bluetooth speaker. Use the Amazon Echo as a Bluetooth speaker Tap or click on the device name and confirm the connection. When you open the Bluetooth settings, you should see the device name (Echo-XXX) in the list of discovered devices. Find the correct Echo device at the top of the menu and select it by tapping or clicking on it. ![]() Manually put the Echo in pairing mode by opening the Amazon Alexa application from your mobile device or navigating to and navigating to Settings. Tap the device name to confirm the paring. In the list of devices, you should see a device named Echo-XXX. Say "Alexa, pair." This will put the Echo in Bluetooth pairing mode and make it discoverable.įrom your device of choice, open Bluetooth settings. The easiest way is by simply speaking to Alexa. There are two ways to pair your devices with the Amazon Echo. Learn how to setup the Amazon echo as a Bluetooth speaker. You can actually circumvent the official support of the Amazon Echo and stream practically any audio to the Echo using Bluetooth. It can read the news to you, play audio streams for major networks, stream your favorite local radio stations from iHeartRadio and it can play various forms of audio from Amazon's own multimedia offerings, as well as Spotify.īut what if you want to listen to something that isn't offered by the Echo out of the box? What if your favorite podcast isn't available through Spotify? Or what if you want to watch a movie from your laptop, but you want to amplify the audio? The Amazon Echo can stream all sorts of audio. If you’re looking for CRM capabilities in your POS, pay attention to: Alternatively, the software integrates with popular CRMs like Zoho CRM. It might also be worth upgrading to these tiers for the added functionality. Still, it’s good that you don’t have to pay extra for CRM capabilities if you’re already on these plans. However, this feature is only available with the Advanced and Premium plans. SalesVu offers a robust CRM tool with features like customer profiles, customer purchase reports, and segmentation. The next best thing to a free CRM is getting this feature as part of your package rather than an add-on. However, it’s a free feature and an excellent place to start. Loyverse focuses mainly on its loyalty program, so it’s not as robust as most alternatives. Encourage customers to keep coming back with Loyverse’s free CRM software. You get a basic loyalty program, loyalty card scanning, and adding bonus balances to customers’ printed receipts. Loyverse offers a free CRM with surprisingly robust features. You don’t want to pay for separate customer relationship management softwareĬustomer relationship management is critical to running a successful business. Recurring Payments: Remember that most vendors automatically charge after the free trial expires, sometimes with no prior warning.Cancellation: You should be able to terminate your contract at any time after paying the current month’s fees.Fine Print: Some POS systems advertise a monthly rate but charge a lumpsum for an annual or long-term contract.If you prefer month-to-month payments, pay attention to: There’s no charge for canceling your subscription. Additionally, the vendor charges a standard processing fee so you can keep track of your cash flow. You know exactly how much you’ll pay for your Shopify store and POS. Similarly, Shopify POS offers transparent month-to-month pricing. You can also cancel your contract at any time at no extra charge. Although you can save money by paying annually, the software also supports month-to-month payments. You don’t have to worry about getting locked in long-term contracts with Lightspeed. You want to use the POS software on multiple iPads.You want a POS that works for iPad and Android.You don’t want to pay for separate customer relationship software.We designed this section to nudge you in the right direction by outlining the most common iPad POS scenarios and how they might affect your purchase decision. It’s a good sign that they’ve found a POS solution that perfectly matches their needs and use case. ![]() Most people will swear by their preferred system. The best iPad POS solution is often a subjective matter. Match Your Scenario to the Right iPad POS Solution Epos Now – Best For Accounting Integrations.Lightspeed – Best for Multiple Locations and Franchises.Shopify – Best for Combining Online and In-Person Sales.Sign up for TouchBistro today to request a custom quote for your preferred feature set. However, POS systems are prevalent in the food service industry, and we think TouchBistro is the best-in-class iPad POS. We picked at least six iPad POS systems that excel in unique and varied use cases. We explore these options so you can find the best system for your specific needs. ![]() However, there are multiple iPad POS systems on the market. Apple also develops and manages its software and hardware, so there’s tighter synchronization and fewer glitches. If nothing else, the iOS software is renowned for its constant security fixes and updates, layer security, and robust firmware. ![]() However, iPads dominate the mobile POS space for multiple reasons. Īndroid tablets are reasonably popular for POS systems. Our recommendation for the best iPad POS system is TouchBistro for its feature-rich core plans, transparent pricing, and terrific customer loyalty add-ons. Compare The Best Invoice Factoring Companies.Compare The Best Billing and Invoicing Software.Compare The Best Business Card Printing Services.Compare the Best Business Formation Services.Compare The Best Cloud Storage Services.Compare The Best HR Outsourcing Services.Compare The Best Time and Attendance Systems. ![]() It is a story that always has a happy ending. A fire is got ready, a pot put over, water is added, their stone is dropped in, and then, when the water is hot, this and that is asked for until, finally, a truly fabulous soup has been made. They remark that this is “ curieux” and from that point the game is on. They tell the children that all they actually need is fire, a pot, and some water, and that their stone will do the rest. The Jesuits, who are hungry, convince the children that they are not begging for food, but in fact they are self-sufficient as they have a stone that makes soup. Two Jesuits come to a farmhouse, but only the children are home. Her version of the story is set in Normandy, in northern France. Madame de Noyer begins her tale, as so many good storytellers do, with an element of mystery: You will find it in books that attribute it to other authors, but they rarely make the changes to her telling that are required to really claim authorship. Madame de Noyer’s fame was so great that in French her version of the story is the most common version through the end of the nineteenth-century. Madame de Noyer’s version of the Stone Soup story, “Soupe au Caillou” ( Madame du Noyer (1720), was published one year after she died, in a revised and expanded edition of collected letters that had been published a few years earlier. She lived in exile from France for the last part of her life, dying in Holland. ![]() She seems to have been a woman who burned the candle at both ends. The first telling of the Stone Soup story that I have been able to locate is by a French woman, Madame de Noyer (1663–1719), a female journalist, a woman of letters and a dynamic personality who lived what can only be described as an interesting life. The First Published Version: Madame de Noyer, France 1720 If a strong oral tradition for the Stone Soup story existed in the 18 th and 19 th centuries it is probable that also referenced the fairly substantial body of published stories. None make the claim that they were collected from a peasant. We will never know who “told her” the story, or whether she read it in a book that has not been identified, or whether she made the whole thing up! All of the early versions I have come across are already polished tales. The first version I have found, that of Madame de Noyer (1720), is the work of an internationally renowned writer. It wasn’t published by Charles Perrault or the Grimm brothers. The Stone Soup story does not appear in any of the major eighteenth- or nineteenth-century collections of folk tales. Where does the original Stone Soup story come from? Is it a genuine folk tale in the sense that it had a long life in an oral tradition before being published in print? Or is it a creation of authors writing for hire? Or a bit of both? I think it is probably a bit of both. ![]() Stone Soup is an Aarne-Thompson-Uther type 1548 folktale. Folklorists place the Stone Soup story within the “clever man” category of the Aarne-Thompson-Uther folklore classification system that they use to organize the entire folkloric tradition. This is the aspect of the story that folklorists have focused on. The Stone Soup story revolves around a clever man with a charismatic personality who can get people to help him when their first instinct is not to. You can listen to their lively retelling of the tale on Megaphone here or at iTunes here! Origin of the Stone Soup Folktale Title page to the 1808 British magazine with the first English version of the Stone Soup story The recipe published in 1808 is quite similar to the one in the version of the story made by the By Kids For Kids Story Time podcast in 2019. When the soup is made the stone may be thrown away.’ Published in The American magazine of wit, 1808. ![]() ‘ Take a large stone, put it into a sufficient quantity of boiling water properly season it with pepper and salt add three or four pounds of good beef, a handful of pot-herbs, some onions, a cabbage, and three or four carrots. ‘Give me a piece of paper’ (said the traveler) ‘and I’ll write it down for you,’ which he did as follows:-A receipt to-make Stone Soup. “Stone Soup,” engraving by Walter Melion for the cover of the first issue of Stone Soup Some Recipes for Stone Soup from 1732, 1808–and 2019!īoil stones in butter, and you may sip the broth. ( Fuller 1732) |
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